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Optical constants of METALS
Mercury (Hg)

Wavelength: µm
 (0.06358–6.19921)  
 

Complex refractive index (n+ik)[ i ]


n   k   LogX   LogY   eV

Derived optical constants

Comments

Liquid mercury at room temperature

References

T. Inagaki, E. T. Arakawa, and M. W. Williams. Optical properties of liquid mercury, Phys. Rev. B 23, 5246-5262 (1981)

Data

[CSV - comma separated]   [TXT - tab separated]   [Full database record]

INFO

Mercury, Hg

Mercury (Hg) is a liquid metal at room temperature, notable for its high density and low melting point. While it has limited direct applications in optics, mercury vapor is used in some specialized lighting sources such as mercury-vapor lamps. It's crucial to exercise extreme caution when handling mercury due to its toxic nature, especially in vapor form. Mercury amalgams and compounds are also utilized in various technologies but are being phased out in many applications due to environmental and health concerns. It's worth mentioning that in older barometers and thermometers, mercury was commonly used, although alternatives have largely replaced it in such devices today.

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Metals

Metals are integral to a wide array of optical technologies, offering unique properties like high reflectivity, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, and robustness under various environmental conditions. Commonly used metals in optical applications include aluminum, silver, and gold, each with its distinct advantages and challenges. For example, aluminum is prized for its cost-effectiveness and high reflectivity in the UV and visible ranges, while gold is favored for its stability and performance in the infrared spectrum. Metals are often used as thin-film coatings on mirrors, beam splitters, and various optical components to enhance reflectivity, filter wavelengths, or provide protective layers. In recent years, the study of metal nanostructures has opened up the field of plasmonics, enabling extraordinary optical phenomena like sub-wavelength focusing and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. However, it's important to note that metals are generally opaque and exhibit high losses for transmitted light, limiting their use to reflective or surface-based applications. Additionally, their optical properties can be influenced by factors like surface roughness, layer thickness, and oxidation state, necessitating precise control during manufacturing and usage. Despite these challenges, metals remain a cornerstone in the design of optical systems, offering a combination of durability, performance, and versatility that is difficult to achieve with other types of materials.

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